This formula combines very high concentrations of two of the most powerful and important antioxidants in skincare: Resveratrol and Ferulic Acid. Resveratrol is a natural phenol found in several plants and pure source is 100% derived from Japanese Knotweed. Ferulic Acid is a high-potency phytochemical antioxidant found naturally in walls of plant cells. Skincare formulations generally incorporate Resveratrol at 1% or less and Ferulic Acid at 0.5% or less. This formula contains each at 3%, an exceptionally high concentration. Note: Water can impair the stability of any antioxidant. This formula does not contain any water, silicones, oils or alcohol. A necessity for city dwellers and sun worshippers, the Resveratrol Serum 3% + Ferulic Acid 3% from The Ordinary is a water-free, high potency antioxidant serum that effectively shields the skin from harmful environmental aggressors that oxidise on the skin, causing lasting damage.Combining very high concentrations of two of the most potent antioxidants Resveratrol and plant-based Ferulic Acid, the serum delivers anti-ageing benefits, smoothing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles and helping the skin defend against harmful factors. As water can impair the stability of any antioxidant, the formula does not contain any water, sillicones, oils or alcohols.